Category Archives: solution

Solution: 2024-03 Roots of complex derivative

Let P(z)=z3+c1z2+c2z+c3 be a complex polynomial in C. Its complex derivative is given by P(z)=3z2+2c1z+c2. Assume that there exist two points a, b in the open unit disc of complex plane such that P(a) = P(b) =0. Show that  there is a point w belonging to the line segment joining a and b such that  Re(P(w))=0.

The best solution was submitted by 김준홍 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2024-03.

Other solutions were submitted by 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +3), 노희윤 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 24학번, +3), 신정연 (KAIST 수리과학과 21학번, +3), 정영훈 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 24학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 23학번, +3), 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), Anar Rzayev (KAIST 전산학부 19학번, +3), 김지원 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 24학번, +2), 박기윤 (KAIST 수리과학과 23학번, +2), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +2), There were incorrect solutions submitted.

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Solution: 2024-02 Well-mixed permutations

A permutation ϕ:{1,2,,n}{1,2,,n} is called a well-mixed if ϕ({1,2,,k}){1,2,,k} for each k<n. What is the number of well-mixed permutations of {1,2,,15}?

The best solution was submitted by 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2024-02.

Other solutions were submitted by 김민서 (KAIST 수리과학과 19학번, +3), 김준홍 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 김지원 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 24학번, +3), 노희윤 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 24학번, +4), 박기윤 (KAIST 수리과학과 23학번, +3), 신정연 (KAIST 수리과학과 21학번, +3), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +2), 정영훈 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 24학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 23학번, +3). 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), Sadik Adnan (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), Anar Rzayev (KAIST 전산학부 19학번, +2). There were incorrect solutions submitted.

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Solution: 2024-01 Dice

Suppose that we roll n (6-sided, fair) dice. Let Sn be the sum of their faces. Find all positive integers k such that the probability that k divides Sn is 1/k for all n1.

The best solution was submitted by 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2024-01.

Other solutions were submitted by 김지원 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 24학번, +3), 김준홍 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 나승균 (KAIST 23학번, +3), 노희윤 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 24학번, +4), 신정연 (KAIST 수리과학과 21학번, +3), 신주홍 (KAIST, +3), 심세훈 (KAIST 수리과학과 16학번, +3), 오하빈 (KAIST 수리과학과 19학번, +3), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +2), 정영훈 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 24학번, +3), 황제민 (KAIST 20학번, +3), 김민서 (KAIST 수리과학과 19학번, +2), 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +2), 박기윤 (KAIST 수리과학과 23학번, +2). There were incorrect solutions submitted. Late solutions are not graded.

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Solution: 2023-23 Don’t be negative!

Consider a function f:{1,2,,n}R satisfying the following for all 1a,b,cn2 with a+b+cn.

f(a+b)+f(a+c)+f(b+c) – f(a)-f(b)-f(c)-f(a+b+c) \geq 0 \text{ and } f(1)=f(n)=0.

Prove or disprove this: all such functions f always have only nonnegative values on its domain.

Acknowledgement: This problem arises during a research discussion between June Huh, Jaehoon Kim and Matt Larson.

The best solution was submitted by 신민서 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-23.

Other solutions were submitted by 김기수 (KAIST 수리과학과 18학번, +3), 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +3), 박기윤 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 이도현 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 23학번, +3), 전해구 (KAIST 기계공학과 졸업생, +3).

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Solution: 2023-22 Simultaneously diagonalizable matrices

Does there exist a nontrivial subgroup G of GL(10, \mathbb{C}) such that each element in G is diagonalizable but the set of all the elements of G is not simultaneously diagonalizable?

The best solution was submitted by 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-22.

Other solutions were submitted by 김기수 (KAIST 수리과학과 18학번, +3), 박기윤 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +2).

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Solution: 2023-21 A limit

Find the following limit:

\lim_{n \to \infty} \left( \frac{\sum_{k=1}^{n+2} k^k}{\sum_{k=1}^{n+1} k^k} – \frac{\sum_{k=1}^{n+1} k^k}{\sum_{k=1}^{n} k^k} \right)

The best solution was submitted by 문강연 (KAIST 수리과학과 22학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-21.

Other solutions were submitted by 김기수 (KAIST 수리과학과 18학번, +3), 김준홍 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +3), 박기윤 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), 이도현 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 23학번, +3), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), Adnan Sadik (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), Muhammadfiruz Hasanov (+3), 조현준 (KAIST 수리과학과 22학번, +2), 서성욱 (대전동산고 2학년, +2).

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Solution: 2023-20 A sequence with small tail

Can we find a sequence a_i, i=0,1,2,… with the following property: for each given integer n\geq 0, we have \lim_{L\to +\infty}\sum_{i=0}^L 2^{ni} |a_i|\leq 23^{(n+11)^{10}} \quad \text{ and }\quad \lim_{L\to +\infty}\sum_{i=0}^L 2^{ni} a_i = (-1)^n ?

The best solution was submitted by 김기수 (KAIST 수리과학과 18학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-20.

Another solution was submitted by 조현준 (KAIST 수리과학과 22학번, +2).

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Solution: 2023-19 Counting the number of solutions

Let N be the number of ordered tuples of positive integers (a_1, a_2, \dots, a_{27}) such that \frac{1}{a_1} + \frac{1}{a_2} + \dots + \frac{1}{a_{27}} = 1. Compute the remainder of N when N is divided by 33 .

The best solution was submitted by 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-19.

Other solutions were submitted by 강지민 (세마고 3학년, +3), 김기수 (KAIST 수리과학과 18학번, +3), 김민서 (KAIST 수리과학과 19학번, +3), 김준홍 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +3), 박기윤 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), 이도현 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 23학번, +3), 조현준 (KAIST 수리과학과 22학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), Adnan Sadik (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), Dzhamalov Omurbek (KAIST 전산학부 22학번, +3), Kharchenka Yuliya (KAIST 물리학과 22학번, +3), Muhammadfiruz Hasanov (+3), Aiden Stock (+3).

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Solution: 2023-18 Degrees of a graph

Find all integers n \geq 8 such that there exists a simple graph with n vertices whose degrees are as follows:

(i) (n-4) vertices of the graph are with degrees 4, 5, 6, \dots, n-2, n-1 , respectively.

(ii) The other 4 vertices are with degrees n-2, n-2, n-1, n-1 , respectively.

The best solution was submitted by 이도현 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 23학번, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-18.

Other solutions were submitted by 강지민 (세마고 3학년, +3), 김기수 (KAIST 수리과학과 18학번, +3), 김민서 (KAIST 수리과학과 19학번, +3), 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +3), 나경민 (KAIST 전산학부 22학번, +3), 박기윤 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +3), 전해구 (KAIST 기계공학과 졸업생, +3), 조현준 (KAIST 수리과학과 22학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), 최민규 (한양대학교 의과대학 졸업생, +3), Adnan Sadik (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), Dzhamalov Omurbek (KAIST 전산학부 22학번, +3), Muhammadfiruz Hasanov (+3).

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Solution: 2023-17 Comparing area of triangles

Let f(x) = x^4 + (2-a)x^3 – (2a+1)x^2 + (a-2)x + 2a for some a \geq 2. Draw two tangent lines of its graph at the point (-1,0) and (1,0) and let P be the intersection point. Denote by T the area of the triangle whose vertices are (-1,0), (1,0) and P. Let A be the area of domain enclosed by the interval [-1,1] and the graph of the function on this interval. Show that T \leq 3A/2.

The best solution was submitted by 서성욱(동산고 2학년, +4). Congratulations!

Here is the best solution of problem 2023-17.

Other solutions were submitted by 강지민 (세마고 3학년, +3), 김민서 (KAIST 수리과학과 19학번, +3), 김찬우 (연세대학교 수학과 22학번, +3), 박기윤 (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), 여인영 (KAIST 물리학과 20학번, +3), 이도현 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 23학번, +3), 이명규 (KAIST 전산학부 20학번, +3), 조현준 (KAIST 수리과학과 22학번, +3), 지은성 (KAIST 수리과학과 20학번, +3), 채지석 (KAIST 수리과학과 석박통합과정 21학번, +3), 최민규 (한양대학교 의과대학 졸업생, +3), Adnan Sadik (KAIST 새내기과정학부 23학번, +3), Muhammadfiruz Hasanov (+3).

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