2018-04 An inequality

Let \(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n\) be reals such that \(x_1+x_2+\cdots+x_n=n\) and \(x_1^2+x_2^2+\cdots +x_n^2=n+1\). What is the maximum of \(x_1x_2+x_2x_3+x_3x_4+\cdots + x_{n-1}x_n+x_nx_1\)?

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Solution: 2018-02 Impossible to squeeze

For \(n\ge 1\), let \(f(x)=x^n+\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} a_k x^k \) be a polynomial with real coefficients. Prove that if \(f(x)>0\) for all \(x\in [-2,2]\), then \(f(x)\ge 4\) for some \(x\in [-2,2]\).

The best solution was submitted by Choi, Inhyeok (최인혁, 물리학과 2015학번). Congratulations!

Here is his solution of problem 2018-02.

Alternative solutions were submitted by 이본우 (수리과학과 2017학번, +3), 이시우 (포항공대 수학과 2013학번, +3), 이종원 (수리과학과 2014학번, +3), 채지석 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 하석민 (수리과학과 2017학번, +3), 한준호 (수리과학과 2015학번, +3), 김태균 (수리과학과 2016학번, +2), 이재우 (함양고등학교 3학년, +2).

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Solution: 2018-01 Recurrence relation

Define a sequence \( \{ a_n \} \) by \( a_1 = a \) and
\[
a_n = \frac{2n-1}{n-1} a_{n-1} -1
\]
for \( n \geq 2 \). Find all real values of \( a \) such that \( \lim_{n \to \infty} a_n \) exists.

The best solution was submitted by Bonwoo Lee (이본우, 수리과학과 2017학번). Congratulations!

Here is his solution of problem 2018-01.

Alternative solutions were submitted by 강한필 (전산학부 2016학번, +3), 이시우 (포항공대 수학과 2013학번, +3), 이종원 (수리과학과 2014학번, +3), 채지석 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 최인혁 (물리학과 2015학번, +3), 한준호 (수리과학과 2015학번, +3), 고성훈 (2018학번, +2), 김태균 (수리과학과 2016학번, +2), 송교범 (고려대 수학과 2017학번, +2), 이재우 (함양고등학교 3학년, +2), 노우진 (물리학과 2015학번) 및 윤정인 (물리학과 2016학번) (+2). Two incorrect solutions were received.

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2018-02 Impossible to squeeze

For \(n\ge 1\), let \(f(x)=x^n+\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} a_k x^k \) be a polynomial with real coefficients. Prove that if \(f(x)>0\) for all \(x\in [-2,2]\), then \(f(x)\ge 4\) for some \(x\in [-2,2]\).

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2018-01 Recurrence relation

Define a sequence \( \{ a_n \} \) by \( a_1 = a \) and
\[
a_n = \frac{2n-1}{n-1} a_{n-1} -1
\]
for \( n \geq 2 \). Find all real values of \( a \) such that \( \lim_{n \to \infty} a_n \) exists.

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Solution: 2017-22 Debugging

Let \(p\), \(q\), \(r\) be positive integers such that \(p,q\ge r\). Ada and Betty independently read all source codes of their programming project. Ada found \(p\) bugs and Betty found \(q\) bugs, including \(r\) bugs that Ada found. What is the expected number of remaining bugs that neither Ada nor Betty found?

The best solution was submitted by Huy Tùng Nguyễn (수리과학과 2016학번). Congratulations!

Here is his solution of problem 2017-22.

Alternative solutions were submitted by 최대범 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 김태균 (수리과학과 2016학번, +2), 유찬진 (수리과학과 2015학번, +2). One incorrect solution was received.

(This is the last problem of this semester. Thank you all for participating POW.)

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Solution: 2017-21 Maclaurin series

Prove or disprove the following statement: There exists a function whose Maclaurin series converges at only one point.

The best solution was submitted by Kook, Yun Bum (국윤범, 수리과학과 2015학번). Congratulations!

Here is his solution of problem 2017-21.

Alternative solutions were submitted by 민찬홍 (중앙대학교사범대학부속고등학교 3학년, +3), 채지석 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 최대범 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 하석민 (2017학번, +3), Huy Tung Nguyen (수리과학과 2016학번, +3). Four incorrect solutions were submitted, mostly due to misunderstanding.

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2017-22 Debugging

Let \(p\), \(q\), \(r\) be positive integers such that \(p,q\ge r\). Ada and Betty independently read all source codes of their programming project. Ada found \(p\) bugs and Betty found \(q\) bugs, including \(r\) bugs that Ada found. What is the expected number of remaining bugs that neither Ada nor Betty found?

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Solution: 2017-20 Convergence of a series

Determine whether or not the following infinite series converges. \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{ 1 }{2^{2n}} \binom{2n}{n}.\]

The best solution was submitted by Lee, Bonwoo (이본우, 2017학번). Congratulations!

Here is his solution of problem 2017-20.

Alternative solutions were submitted by 고성훈 (+3), 국윤범 (수리과학과 2015학번, +3), 길현준 (인천과학고등학교 2학년, +3), 김태균 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 민찬홍 (중앙대학교사범대학부속고등학교 3학년, +3), 유찬진 (수리과학과 2015학번, +3), 이원웅 (건국대 수학과 2014학번, +3), 이준협 (하나고등학교, +3), 채지석 (2016학번, +3), 최대범 (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 하석민 (2017학번, +3), Huy Tung Nguyen (수리과학과 2016학번, +3), 이준성 (상문고등학교 1학년, +3), 정경훈 (서울대학교 컴퓨터공학과, +3), Mirali Ahmadili & Saba Dzmanashvili (2017학번, +3).

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