Let \(A\) be an \(n\times n\) matrix with complex entries. Prove that if \(A^2=A^*\), then \[\operatorname{rank}(A+A^*)=\operatorname{rank}(A).\] (Here, \(A^*\) is the conjugate transpose of \(A\).)
(This is the last problem of this semester. Thank you for participating KAIST Math Problem of the Week.)
Let \( M=\begin{pmatrix} A & B \\ B^*& C \end{pmatrix}\) be a positive semidefinite Hermian matrix. Prove that \[ \operatorname{rank} M \le \operatorname{rank} A +\operatorname{rank} C.\] (Here, \(A\), \(B\), \(C\) are matrices.)
Let \(A\) and \(B\) be \(n\times n\) real matrices for an odd integer \(n\). Prove that if both \(A+A^T\) and \(B+B^T\) are invertible, then \(AB\neq 0\).
Let M be an n⨉n matrix over the reals. Prove that \(\operatorname{rank} M=\operatorname{rank} M^2\) if and only if \(\lim_{\lambda\to 0} (M+\lambda I)^{-1}M\) exists.
Let A=(aij) be an n×n matrix such that aij=cos(i-j)θ and θ=2π/n. Determine the rank and eigenvalues of A.