Category Archives: problem

2014-18 Rank

Let \(A\) and \(B\) be \(n\times n\) real matrices for an odd integer \(n\). Prove that if both \(A+A^T\) and \(B+B^T\) are invertible, then \(AB\neq 0\).

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2014-16 Odd and even independent sets

For a (simple) graph \(G\), let \(o(G)\) be the number of odd-sized sets of pairwise non-adjacent vertices and let \(e(G)\) be the number of even-sized sets of pairwise non-adjacent vertices. Prove that if we can delete \(k\) vertices from \(G\) to destroy every cycle, then \[ | o(G)-e(G)|\le 2^{k}.\]

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2014-15 an equation

Let \(\theta\) be a fixed constant. Characterize all functions \(f:\mathcal R\to \mathcal R\) such that \(f”(x)\) exists for all real \(x\) and for all real \(x,y\), \[ f(y)=f(x)+(y-x)f'(x)+ \frac{(y-x)^2}{2} f”(\theta y + (1-\theta) x).\]

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2014-14 Integration and integrality

Prove or disprove that for all positive integers \(m\) and \(n\), \[ f(m,n)=\frac{2^{3(m+n)-\frac12} }{{\pi}} \int_0^{\pi/2} \sin^{ 2n – \frac12 }\theta \cdot \cos^{2m+\frac12}\theta \, d\theta\]  is an integer.

(A typo is fixed on Saturday.)

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2014-13 Unit vectors

Prove that, for any unit vectors \( v_1, v_2, \cdots, v_n \) in \( \mathbb{R}^n \), there exists a unit vector \( w \) in \( \mathbb{R}^n \) such that \( \langle w, v_i \rangle \leq n^{-1/2} \) for all \( i = 1, 2, \cdots, n \). (Here, \( \langle \cdot, \cdot \rangle \) is a usual scalar product in \( \mathbb{R}^n \).)

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