In this presentation, we discuss comprehensive frequency domain methods for estimating and inferring the second-order structure of spatial point processes. The main element here is on utilizing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of the point pattern and its tapered counterpart. Under second-order stationarity, we show that both the DFTs and the tapered DFTs are asymptotically jointly independent Gaussian even when the DFTs share the same limiting frequencies. Based on these results, we establish an α-mixing central limit theorem for a statistic formulated as a quadratic form of the tapered DFT. As applications, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the kernel spectral density estimator and establish a frequency domain inferential method for parametric stationary point processes. For the latter, the resulting model parameter estimator is computationally tractable and yields meaningful interpretations even in the case of model misspecification. We investigate the finite sample performance of our estimator through simulations, considering scenarios of both correctly specified and misspecified models. Joint work with Yongtao Guan @CUHK-Shenzhen.

In nonstationary bandit learning problems, the decision-maker must continually gather information and adapt their action selection as the latent state of the environment evolves. In each time period, some latent optimal action maximizes expected reward under the environment state. We view the optimal action sequence as a stochastic process, and take an information-theoretic approach to analyze attainable performance. We bound per-period regret in terms of the entropy rate of the optimal action process. The bound applies to a wide array of problems studied in the literature and reflects the problem’s information structure through its information-ratio.

This is part of an informal seminar series to be given by Mr. Jaehong Kim, who has been studying the book "Hodge theory and Complex Algebraic Geometry Vol 1 by Claire Voisin" for a few months. There will be 6-8 seminars during Spring 2024, and it will summarize about 70-80% of the book.

This is an introductory reading seminar presented by a senior undergraduate student, Jaehak Lee, who is studying the subject.

I tell a personal story of how a mathematician working in complex algebraic geometry had come to discover the relevance of Cartan geometry, a subject in differential geometry, in an old problem in algebraic geometry, the problem of deformations of Grassmannians as projective manifolds, which originated from the work of Kodaira and Spencer. In my joint work with Ngaiming Mok, we used the theory of minimal rational curves to study such deformations and it reduced the question to a problem in Cartan geometry.

We introduce a general equivalence problems for geometric structures arising from minimal rational curves on uniruled complex projective manifolds. To study these problems, we need approaches fusing differential geometry and algebraic geometry. Among such geometric structures, those associated to homogeneous manifolds are particularly accessible to differential-geometric methods of Cartan geometry. But even in these cases, only a few cases have been worked out so far. We review some recent developments.

This lecture explores the topics and areas that have guided my research in computational mathematics and machine learning in recent years. Numerical methods in computational science are essential for comprehending real-world phenomena, and deep neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art results in a range of fields. The rapid expansion and outstanding success of deep learning and scientific computing have led to their applications across multiple disciplines, ranging from fluid dynamics to material sciences. In this lecture, I will focus on bridging machine learning with applied mathematics, specifically discussing topics such as scientific machine learning, numerical PDEs, and mathematical approaches of machine learning, including generative models and adversarial examples.

This is part of an informal seminar series to be given by Mr. Jaehong Kim, who has been studying the book "Hodge theory and Complex Algebraic Geometry Vol 1 by Claire Voisin" for a few months. There will be 6-8 seminars during Spring 2024, and it will summarize about 70-80% of the book.

This is an introductory reading seminar presented by a senior undergraduate student, Jaehak Lee, who is studying the subject.

This is part of an informal seminar series to be given by Mr. Jaehong Kim, who has been studying the book "Hodge theory and Complex Algebraic Geometry Vol 1 by Claire Voisin" for a few months. There will be 6-8 seminars during Spring 2024, and it will summarize about 70-80% of the book.

The finite quotient groups of étale fundamental groups of algebraic curves in positive characteristic are precisely determined, but without explicit construction of quotient maps, by well-known results of Raynaud, Harbater and Pop, previously known as Abhyankar's conjecture. Katz, Rojas León and Tiep have been studying the constructive side of this problem using certain "easy to remember" local systems. In this talk, I will discuss the main results and methods of this project in the case of a specific type of local systems called hypergeometric sheaves.

In this talk, we consider the Boltzmann equation in general 3D toroidal domains with a specular reflection boundary condition. So far, it is a well-known open problem to obtain the low-regularity solution for the Boltzmann equation in general non-convex domains because there are grazing cases, such as inflection grazing. Thus, it is important to analyze trajectories which cause grazing. We will provide new analysis to handle these trajectories in general 3D toroidal domains.

In the past decade, machine learning methods (MLMs) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) have gained significant attention as a novel numerical approach. Indeed, a tremendous number of research projects have surged that apply MLMs to various applications, ranging from geophysics to biophysics. This surge in interest stems from the ability of MLMs to rapidly predict solutions for complex physical systems, even those involving multi-physics phenomena, uncertainty, and real-world data assimilation. This trend has led many to hopeful thinking MLMs as a potential game-changer in PDE solving. However, despite the hopeful thinking on MLMs, there are still significant challenges to overcome. These include limits compared to conventional numerical approaches, a lack of thorough analytical understanding of its accuracy, and the potentially long training times involved. In this talk, I will first assess the current state of MLMs for solving PDEs. Following this, we will explore what roles MLMs should play to become a conventional numerical scheme.

This is an introductory reading seminar presented by a senior undergraduate student, Jaehak Lee, who is studying the subject.

I will discuss some recent progress on the freeness problem for groups of 2x2 rational matrices generated by two parabolic matrices. In particular, I will discuss recent progress on determining the structural properties of such groups (beyond freeness) and when they have finite index in the finitely presented group SL(2,Z[1/m]), for appropriately chosen m.

In this talk, we focus on the global existence of volume-preserving mean curvature flows. In the isotropic case, leveraging the gradient flow framework, we demonstrate the convergence of solutions to a ball for star-shaped initial data. On the other hand, for anisotropic and crystalline flows, we establish the global-in-time existence for a class of initial data with the reflection property, utilizing explicit discrete-in-time approximation methods.

Using the invariant splitting principle, we construct an infinite family of exotic pairs of contractible 4-manifolds which survive one stabilization. We argue that some of them are potential candidates for surviving two stabilizations.

The size and complexity of recent deep learning models continue to increase exponentially, causing a serious amount of hardware overheads for training those models. Contrary to inference-only hardware, neural network training is very sensitive to computation errors; hence, training processors must support high-precision computation to avoid a large performance drop, severely limiting their processing efficiency. This talk will introduce a comprehensive design approach to arrive at an optimal training processor design. More specifically, the talk will discuss how we should make important design decisions for training processors in more depth, including i) hardware-friendly training algorithms, ii) optimal data formats, and iii) processor architecture for high precision and utilization.

This is part of an informal seminar series to be given by Mr. Jaehong Kim, who has been studying the book "Hodge theory and Complex Algebraic Geometry Vol 1 by Claire Voisin" for a few months. There will be 6-8 seminars during Spring 2024, and it will summarize about 70-80% of the book.

We begin the first talk by introducing the concept of an h-principle that is mostly accessible through the two important methods. One of the methods is the convex integration that was successfully used by Mueller and Sverak and has been applied to many important PDEs. The other is the so-called Baire category method that was mainly studied by Dacorogna and Marcellini. We compare these methods in applying to a toy example.

In the second talk of the series, we exhibit several examples of application of convex integration to important PDE problems. In particular, we shall sketch some ideas of proof such as in the p-Laplace equation and its parabolic analogue, Euler-Lagrange equation of a polyconvex energy, gradient flow of a polyconvex energy and polyconvex elastodynamics.

After a brief review of the history, some applications of these models will be reviewed. This will include descriptions of rogue waves, tsunami propagation, internal waves and blood flow. Some of the theory emanaging from these applications will then be sketched.

One of the classical and most fascinating problems at the intersection between combinatorics and number theory is the study of the parity of the partition function. Even though p(n) in widely believed to be equidistributed modulo 2, progress in the area has proven exceptionally hard. The best results available today, obtained incrementally over several decades by Serre, Soundarajan, Ono and many otehrs, do not even guarantee that, asymptotically, p(n) is odd for /sqrt{x} values of n/neq x, In this talk, we present a new, general conjectural framework that naturally places the parity of p(n) into the much broader, number-theoretic context of eta-eqotients. We discuss the history of this problem as well as recent progress on our "master conjecture," which includes novel results on multi-and regular partitions. We then show how seemingly unrelated classes of eta-equotients carry surprising (and surprisingly deep) connections modulo 2 to the partition function. One instance is the following striking result: If any t-multiparition function, with t/neq 0(mod 3), is odd with positive density, then so is p(n). (Note that proving either fact unconditionally seems entirely out of reach with current methods.) Throughout this talk, we will give a sense of the many interesting mathematical techniques that come into play in this area. They will include a variety of algebraic and combinatorial ideas, as well as tools from modular forms and number theory.

In this talk, we consider some polynomials which define Gaussian Graphical models in algebraic statistics. First, we briefly introduce background materials and some preliminary on this topic. Next, we regard a conjecture due to Sturmfels and Uhler concerning generation of the prime ideal of the variety associated to the Gaussian graphical model of any cycle graph and explain how to prove it. We also report a result on linear syzygies of any model coming from block graphs. The former work was done jointly with A. Conner and M. Michalek and the latter with J. Choe.

We introduce bordered Floer theory and its involutive version, as well as their applications to knot complements. We will sketch the proof that invariant splittings of CFK and those of CFD correspond to each other under the Lipshitz-Ozsvath-Thurston correspondence, via invariant splitting principle, which is an ongoing work with Gary Guth.