Graph coloring is one of the central topics in graph theory, and there have been extensive studies about graph coloring and its variants. In this talk, we focus on the structural and algorithmic aspects of graph coloring together with their interplay. Specifically, we explain how local information on graphs can be transformed into global properties and how these can be used to investigate coloring problems from structural and algorithmic perspectives. We also introduce the notion of dicoloring, a variant of coloring defined for directed graphs, and present our recent work on dicoloring for a special type of directed graph called tournaments.