(KAI-X Distinguished Lecture Series) We have multiple approaches to vanishing theorems for the cohomology of Shimura varieties, via either algebraic geometry or automorphic forms. Such theorems have been of interest with either complex or torsion coefficients. Recently, results have been obtained under various genericity hypotheses by Caraiani-Scholze, Koshikawa, Hamann-Lee et al. I will survey different approaches. If time permits, I may discuss an ongoing project with Koshikawa to understand the non-generic case.