Wednesday, January 18, 2023

2023-01-19 / 10:00 ~ 11:00

by ()

Complexity of the cellular organization of the tumor microenvironment as an ecosystem remains to be fully appreciated. Here, for a comprehensive investigation of tumor ecosystems across a wide variety of cancer types, we performed integrative transcriptome analyses of 4.4 million single cells from 978 tumor and 474 normal samples in combination with 9,510 TCGA and 1,339 checkpoint inhibitor-treated bulk tumors. Our analysis enabled us to define 28 different epithelial cell states, some of which had prognostic effects in cancers of relevant origin. Malignant fibroblast signatures defined according to the organ of origin demonstrated prognostic significance across diverse cancer types and revealed FN1, BGN, THBS2, and CTHRC1 as common cancer-associated fibroblast genes. Novel associations were revealed between the AKR1C1+ inflammatory fibroblast and myeloid-derived PRR-induced activation states and between the CXCL10+ fibroblast and squamous/LAMP3+ DC/SPP1+ macrophage states. We discovered tumor-specific rewiring of the tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) network, involving previously unappreciated DC1, and pDC.. Along with other TLS component states, the tumor-associated germinal center B cell state identified from adjacent normal tissues was able to predict responses to checkpoint immunotherapy. Distinct groups of pan-cancer ecosystems were identified and characterized along the axis of immunotherapy responses. Our systematic, high-resolution dissection of tumor ecosystems provides a deeper understanding of inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity.

2023-01-18 / 10:30 ~ 11:30

SAARC 세미나 - SAARC 세미나:

by 박지운()

The Discrete Gaussian model is a type of integer-valued random height function. In the 2D setting, it exhibits a phase transition between a localised phase and a delocalised phase. This phenomenon is also called the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition, whose terminology originates from its dual counterpart, the planar XY model. Motivation for studying the Discrete Gaussian model is multifold. Due to its duality relations with a number of 2D mathematical physics models, such as the XY model or the Coulomb gas, studies on integer-value height functions are capable of proving a number of conjectures usually not accessible using classical methods. Other discrete height functions also have dualities with a number of different interesting models, so it will be of vast interest to develop a general framework that deals with discrete height functions. Also, discrete height functions are considered to be appropriate test cases for recently developed techniques from probability theory. In this talk, we discuss a particular method called the renormalisation group method, which is believed to serve as a general framework for studying random fields. We also discuss briefly how the renormalisation group method can be used to prove that the scaling limit of the 2D Discrete Gaussian model is a 2D Gaussian free field.

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