학과 세미나 및 콜로퀴엄
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A freshman can calculate that the probability of picking $k$ blue balls after sampling $n$ balls from a bin of $K$ blue balls and $N-K$ red balls is
$$\frac{\dbinom{n}{k} \dbinom{N-n}{K-k}}{\dbinom{N}{K}}$$
if one samples without replacement, while it is
$$\frac{\dbinom{n}{k} (\frac{K}{N})^k(\frac{N-K}{N})^{n-k}$$
if one samples with replacement.
We demonstrate that comparing probabilities of sampling with replacement vs. without replacement leads to De Finetti's Theorem, the Aldous-Hoover Theorem, and even a weak form of Szemeredi's Regularity Lemma which plays a crucial role in the study of graphons. This comparison also leads to a strong version of a representation for DAG-exchangeable arrays (Jung, Lee, Staton, Yang (2021)) which generalize Aldous-Hoover arrays as well as Hierarchical Exchangeable arrays (Austin-Panchenko (2014)).
